Matthew
Chapter 16
They Ask Him for a Sign From Heaven
The Pharisees and Sadducees appeared, seeking to test Jesus, and asked him for a sign from heaven.
Jesus answered:
[“When evening comes, you say: ‘It will be a good day, for the sky is red.’
And in the morning, you say: ‘Stormy weather today, for the sky in the east is red.’ If you know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, why can’t you interpret the signs of the times?]
An evil and unbelieving people asked for a sign, but no sign will be given them except the sign of Jonah.” Then he left them and went away.
Blindness of the Disciples
When the disciples went to the other side, they forgot to take bread.
Jesus told them:
“Pay attention and beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”
But the disciples said to each other: ‘He means the bread we didn’t bring.’
Aware of this, Jesus said to them:
“You of little faith! Why are you arguing among yourselves about having no bread?
Do you still not understand? Do you not remember the five loaves for the five thousand people, and how many baskets you took up?
Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many wicker baskets did you take up?
How can you not understand that I was not talking about bread when I told you: ‘Beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees’?”
Then they realized he wasn’t talking about yeast for bread but about the teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees.
Peter’s Confession
Then Jesus went to Caesarea Philippi. He asked his disciples:
“Who do people say the Son of Man is?”
They said:
“For some of them you are John the Baptist; for others Elijah, or Jeremiah, or one of the prophets.”
Jesus asked them:
“But who do you say I am?”
Peter responded:
“You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”
Jesus replied:
“It is fortunate for you, Simon Barjona, because it is not flesh and blood that has revealed this to you, but my Father in heaven.
And now I say to you: You are Peter, and on this Rock, I will build my Church; and never will the powers of death overcome it.
I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven: whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you unbind on earth shall be unbound in heaven.”
Then he ordered his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Christ.
First Announcement of the Passion and Resurrection
From that day, Jesus began to make it clear to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem, that he would suffer many things at the hands of the Jewish authorities, the chief priests, and the teachers of the law, and that he would be killed and be raised on the third day.
Then Peter pulled him aside and started to reproach him:
“Never, Lord! No, this must never happen to you!”
But he turned and said to Peter:
“Get behind me, Satan! You are an obstacle in my path. You are thinking not as God does, but as people do.”
Conditions for Being a Disciple
Then Jesus told his disciples:
“If you want to follow me, deny yourself. Take up your cross and follow me.
Whoever tries to save his life will lose it, but the one who loses his life for my sake will find it.
What does a person gain by winning the whole world if he destroys his soul? Or what can someone offer in exchange for his life?
Know that the Son of Man will come in the glory of his Father with the holy angels, and he will reward each person according to his deeds.
Truly, I tell you, some here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”

Commentaries
They Ask Him for a Sign From Heaven – Blindness of the Disciples.
This time, the Pharisees are accompanied by the Sadducees, who demand a sign from heaven as proof of the legitimacy of the one claiming to be the Messiah. Faced with the leaders’ inability to recognize the kingdom of God in his works, Jesus ignores them and shifts his focus from now until the end of chapter 18 to his disciples, building the community. They must move from concern to trust, from material understanding to a more spiritual one, and always remain alert.
Peter’s Confession.
This passage is dense and richly detailed. It describes an event as understood and experienced by the community. Jesus asks what people think about him. The question that was open during Jesus’ time remains just as open today. The answer can come from the perspective of the people, based on their human appreciation of this historical figure, or from God’s point of view, through revelation. Simon states that Jesus is the expected Messiah, and Jesus confirms this by saying that his confession comes from a revelation from the Father. That is why Peter (the new name Jesus gives to Simon) will be a key “rock” of Jesus’ community.
First Announcement of the Passion and Resurrection – Conditions for Being a Disciple.
Peter, who recently confessed his faith in Jesus, now rejects the idea of the Messiah’s suffering and death. Jesus responds sharply, calling him Satan (23), because he is acting as a stumbling block. Jesus rebukes Peter, who insists on fitting Jesus into one of the traditional images of the Messiah. Christian freedom and happiness are found only in the joyful acceptance of God’s will, which invites us to listen to his Son and follow him along the paths and ways that he traveled (25f).