Proverbs
Chapter 30
SIXTH COLLECTION
The sayings of Agur, son of Jakeh of Massa.
He says: “My God, my God, I am worn-out and weary. Too stupid to be human, I am devoid of intelligence;
I have not acquired wisdom or grasped the knowledge of the Holy One.”
Who has ascended to the heavens and descended? Who has gathered the wind in his hands? Who has encircled the waters with his cloak? Who has set the boundaries of the earth? What is his name or the name of his son? Do you know?
Every word of God is true; he is a shield in whom man can find refuge.
Add nothing to his words or he might rebuke you and accuse you of lying.
O Lord, I ask two things of You: do not deny them to me before I die.
Keep lying and falsehood far away from me; give me neither poverty nor riches. Just provide enough food to meet my needs, lest I become full and deny you or become poor
and steal satisfied, I deny you and say: “Who is the Lord?” Or else, out of necessity, I steal and profane the name of my God.
Do not accuse a slave to his master’s face, lest he curse you and you have to pay.
What kind of people are those who curse their father and do not bless their mother,
who consider themselves pure, but their sins have not been cleansed!
They have a haughty look and a disdainful eye,
their teeth are like daggers and their fangs, like blades, ready to devour the weak of the land and the poor of the people.
The leech has two daughters: “Give me!” and “Give me!”
There are three insatiable things and four that never say, “Enough”: the grave, the sterile womb, the earth longing for water, and the fire that never cries, “Enough.”
The eye that defies a father and scorns his aging mother will be gouged out by the ravens of the valley and eaten by the eagles.
There are three things I cannot understand and four I do not get:
the way of the eagle through the sky, the way of the snake on the rock, the way of the ship on the high seas, and the way of the human being within the mother.
What can I say about the adulterous woman? She eats, and after wiping her mouth, she claims: “I have done nothing wrong.”
Three things make the earth tremble; there are four it cannot withstand:
the slave who turns king, the fool filled with bread,
the unbearable woman who gets married and the maid who inherits from her mistress.
There are four tiny creatures on the Earth that are among the wisest of the wise:
the ants that are without strength, but in summer ensure their supplies;
the rock-rabbits that lack vigor, but make their home in the rocks;
the locusts that have no king but move forward in organized groups;
the lizard that can be caught by hand, but lives in the palaces of kings.
Three things have a regal stride, and four possess a noble bearing:
The lion, the bravest of animals, never retreats from anything;
the cock that struts proudly among the hens; the he-goat that leads his flock, and the king at the head of his army.
If you have been foolish enough to get angry and then regret it, cover your mouth with your hand.
Since churning milk produces butter, squeezing the nose causes blood to flow, and stirring up anger leads to arguments.

Commentaries
Sixth Collection.
We do not know who this Agur is, much less his father Yaqué, but here we have one of the major concerns of the wisdom tradition’s followers: the truly wise believe that genuine wisdom is becoming increasingly complex to find. Only God is completely wise, and humans, no matter how much they try, can only catch glimpses of that great wisdom revealed to humanity through his word.
The prayer concludes with a request that is highly relevant today. It addresses the danger of wealth, which can replace God’s place in one’s life. Modern capitalism, in all its forms, has fostered an ideology that leads people to believe that the only valid value is money and possessions. In the service of this idol, many worshippers are found. Conversely, extreme poverty is also harmful because it may lead people to renounce God. The millions of men and women who are left destitute and hungry every day might wonder: to which God do they turn? What response do they receive from him? God is willing to respond, but only through those of us who consider ourselves his followers. What response are we giving? What image of God are we showing to those suffering from hunger and misery?
Sixth Collection.
This refers to individuals who dedicate themselves to doing evil or corrupting the righteous order intended by God. These people are headed for damnation.
Sixth Collection.
One of the mnemonic devices that helped to remember the sentences was the so-called “numerical proverb,” of which we have several examples in this section. Using the numbers two, three, and four, the sage describes the unfathomable mystery of Sheol (15ff); another numerical proverb alludes to the mystery of procreation and conception (18ff); some human attitudes and behaviors are judged in the same way, such as the one of the slave who succeeds her mistress, which shows a reversal of some values of the time (21-23); the wisdom of nature and the animal kingdom is also depicted in another numerical proverb (24-31). The section ends with wise advice: do not be vain and seek a peaceful life without discord or strife (32f).