1

Against Jerusalem

Woe to Ariel—Ariel,the city where David encamped! After a year or two, after the feasts have made their full round,

2

I will lay siege on Ariel and there will be grief and mourning. To me, she will be like an Ariel.

3

I will send warriors against you; they will encircle you with outposts and raise siege works against you.

4

Thrown down, you will speak from the ground: from the dust, your words will come muffled, your voice will rise as a ghost’s, your speech will be a whisper in the dust. But in a flash,

5

the horde of your enemies will be like dust, the horde of tyrants, flying chaff.

6

For suddenly, the Lord Sabaoth will come with thunder, earthquake, and great noise, with whirlwind and thunderstorm and flames of consuming fire.

7

The hordes of all nations that fight against Ariel, that attack and besiege her fortress, will vanish like a dream, like a vision in the night.

8

As when a hungry man dreams he is eating and awakens with an empty stomach, or when a thirsty man dreams, he is drinking and awakens with a parched throat, so will the horde of nations be that make war against Zion.

9

Be irresolute, be stupefied, lose your sight and remain blind! Be drunk but not from wine, stagger but not from beer.

10

For the Lord has poured out on you a spirit of deep sleep; he has shut your eyes —the prophets; he has covered your heads— the seers.

11

The revelation of all this has become for you like the words of a sealed scroll. When someone gives it to another who knows how to read and says: “Read this,” the other one answers; “I cannot; it is sealed.”

12

When the scroll is given to one who doesn’t know how to read, he answers: “I cannot read.”

13

The Lord then said: “This people say they are loyal to me; they honor me with lip service, while their hearts stay afar. The worship they offer me is useless, these are no more than traditions and human rules.

14

Because of this, I will surprise them once more; the wisdom of the wise will be useless, and the understanding of their prudent shall vanish.

15

Woe

Woe to those who hide deep from the Lord their plans, who work in the dark and say, “Who will know, and who will see us?”

16

You turn things upside down, as though the potter were the clay, and of him it could say, “He did not make me; he knows nothing.”

17

Eschatological Salvation

In a very short time, Lebanon will become a fruitful field And the fruitful field will be as a forest.

18

On that day the deaf will hear the words of the book, and out of the dark and obscurity the eyes of the blind will see.

19

The meek will find joy and the poor among men will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.

20

For the tyrant will be no more and the scoffers gone forever, and all who plan to do evil will be cut down—

21

those who by a word make you guilty, those who for a bribe can lay a snare and send home the just empty-handed.

22

Therefore the Lord, Abraham’s redeemer, speaks concerning the people of Jacob: No longer will Jacob be ashamed; no longer will his face grow pale.

23

When he sees the work of my hands, his children again in his midst, they will sanctify my name, they will sanctify the Holy One of Jacob, and stand in awe of the God of Israel.

24

Those who err in spirit will understand; those who murmur will learn.

Commentaries

28:1 - 33:24

Various Oracles.

Chapters 28-33 mainly describe the events caused by the Assyrians between 701 and 691 B.C. Some suggest that a common theme throughout this section is the repeated use of the word “woe” at the beginning of each of the six messages: 28:1; 29:1.15; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1.

29:1 - 29:14

Against Jerusalem.

Second “woe,” now directed at “Ariel,” a poetic name for Jerusalem that can mean “Lion of God” or “Altar of God,” the place of burnt offerings (cf. Is 30:33). Just as David besieged and conquered Jerusalem, so now the Lord will do the same to the unfaithful city.

29:15 - 29:16

Woe.

The third “woe” is for the leaders of Jerusalem who are blind (9) and asleep (10). They act in darkness (cf. Ps 82:5) like fallen angels and try to manipulate history (16), denying the Creator and Lord of history (cf. Jr 18:6; Rom 9:20).

29:17 - 29:24

Eschatological Salvation.

In this oracle, God predicts the restoration of people. Lebanon symbolizes prosperity as a blessing from God (17). The people’s conversion is shown by the deaf hearing and the blind seeing (18; cf. 35:5; 42:6-7).


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