For Paul, ‘joy’ always carries a Christian meaning, connected to life in Christ, which is then reflected in community unity, peace, and harmony. The circumstances the Corinthians were experiencing make this greeting more than just a typical farewell phrase. The Apostle’s final words include one of the clearest Trinitarian formulas in the entire New Testament, which has become part of the Eucharistic liturgy as a greeting: “The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Spirit be with you all” (13).
