1 Chronicles
Chapter 27
Military and Civil Organization
This is the list of the people of Israel, the heads of families, the commanders of thousands and hundreds, and other officers who served the king in all that referred to the divisions of twenty-four thousand men each, that were on duty for a month, each month of the year:
For the first month, Jashobeam, son of Zabdiel,
son of Perez, and chief of all the officers of the division, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
Over the division of the second month was Eleazar, son of Dodo, the Ahohite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the third month, Benaiah, son of Jehoiada, the chief priest, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
Benaiah who was champion of The Thirty, was overseer for The Thirty and for his division. Ammizabad was his son.
For the fourth month was Asahel, the brother of Joab; his son Zebadiah succeeded him. He had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the fifth month, Shamhuth, the Izrahite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the sixth month, Ira, son of Ikkesh of Tekoa, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the seventh month, Helez the Pelonite, an Ephraimite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the eighth month, Sibbecai of Hushah, a Zerahite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the ninth month, Abiezer of Anathoth, a Benjaminite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the tenth month, Maharai of Netophah, a Zerahite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the eleventh month, Benaiah of Pirathon, an Ephraimite, had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
For the twelfth month, Heldai from Netophah of Othniel had charge of a division of twenty-four thousand men.
Overseers for the tribes of Israel: Eliezer, son of Zichri, was chief officer for the Reubenites; Shephatiah, son of Maacah, for the Simeonites,
Hashabiah, son of Kemuel, for the Levites; Zadok for the Aaronites,
Elihu, a brother of David, led Judah, Omri son of Michael led Issachar.
Ishmaiah, son of Obadiah, for the Zebulunites; Jeremoth, son of Azriel for the Naphtalites,
Hoshea, son of Azaziah for the Ephraimites; Joel, son of Pedaiah for the half-tribe of Manasseh,
Iddo, son of Zechariah for the half-tribe of Manasseh in Gilead, Jaasiel, son of Abner for the Benjaminites,
Azarel, son of Jeroham for the Danites. These were the officials for the tribes of Israel.
David did not take a census of those twenty years old or younger since the Lord had promised to make Israel as numerous as the stars of heaven.
Joab, son of Zeruiah, began a census but did not finish it, for God punished Israel because of this census. The final figures were never recorded in King David’s official records.
This is the list of those who administered the king’s property. Overseers for the king’s storerooms: Azmaveth, son of Adiel. Commissioner for the stores in provincial towns, villages, and castles: Jonathan, son of Uzziah.
For the agricultural workers employed on the land: Ezri, son of Chelub.
For the vineyards: Shimei of Ramah. For those in the vineyards who looked after the wine cellars: Zabdi of Shepham.
For the olives and sycamores in the lowlands: Baalhanan of Geder. For the oil stores: Joash.
For cattle in the pasture at Sharon: Shitrai of Sharon. For cattle in the valleys: Shaphat, son of Adlai.
For camels: Obil, the Ishmaelite. For donkeys: Jehdeiah of Meronoth.
For flocks: Jaziz, the Hagrite. All these were overseers for King David’s property.
Jonathan, David’s uncle, was a skilled adviser and scholar. Jehiel, son of Hachmoni, attended the king’s sons.
Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai, the Archite, was a friend of the king.
Jehoiada, son of Benaiah and Abiathar, succeeded Ahithophel. Joab was the commander of the king’s armies.

Commentaries
Construction of the Temple and Organization of the Kingdom.
These chapters focus on the organization of worship and the priesthood. The account of the census is based on 2 Samuel 24, while chapters 22-29 are the Chronicler’s own additions. It is generally believed that chapters 22-27 were added later because they interrupt the narrative flow at 21:30, which then resumes in 28:1.
Military and Civil Organization.
This chapter outlines the military and civil structure, including the army commanders (1-15), the tribal chiefs (16-22), the king’s property managers (25-31), and the seven royal advisors (32-34). Their placement at the end of all the Levitical and priestly lists emphasizes that civil duties are somewhat secondary to the religious organization. The list of the king’s administrators offers a clear overview of the agricultural and livestock economy of that time, along with an effective taxation system.