Framed within God’s covenant with his people, we see the giving of the Decalogue, also called the Ten Commandments, which aims to regulate the relationship between the people and God. Except for the first two, which relate directly to the relationship with God, the others focus on interpersonal ethics. In ancient times, the heads of families or tribes likely taught their children and youth using these simple rules. They provided straightforward ways to maintain harmony and order in group relations, later compiled and established at a specific time and place for Israel’s life: Sinai. These commands, rooted in popular wisdom, are supported by the authority of the Lord, whose qualities of transcendence and reverence, along with paternal and maternal love, justice, and mercy, were already understood by the people. For an Israelite, accepting this law did not mean giving up freedom or autonomy; instead, it served as a way to strengthen both.